Hansa yellow
Description
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Originally a brand name [Hoechst AG] for a series of bright yellow synthetic organic pigments. Hansa yellow is now a commonly used designation for this class of yellow monoazo colorants. They are also called arylide and arylamide yellows. Developed in Germany in the early 20th century, Hansa yellow was the first permanent organic yellow pigment. It was available for artists paints about 1915. The insoluble colorants have good lightfastness and weather resistance but are susceptible to bleeding in some media and discoloration when heated. They were commonly used as inexpensive substitutes for cadmium yellows in paints, plastics, rubber, printing inks and paper coatings. Recently, they have been superseded by diarylide and vat yellows.
A number preceding the G indicates the degree of toning, i.e., 10G is greener than 5G.
- Hansa R is a reddish yellow.
- Hansa G is a greenish-yellow.
Synonyms and Related Terms
arylide yellow; arylamide; monoazo yellow; Monolite yellow; Talens' yellow; Pigment Yellow 1, 3, 5 and 10; Hansagelb (Deut.); jaune solide (Fr.)
Listing
| Pigment number (CI) | Pigment names | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| PY1 (11680) | Hansa yellow G/10G | Often a greenish yellow |
| PY3 (11710) | Hansa yellow light; Lemon yellow | Similar to PY1; cool, lemon-like yellow; currently sold by Kremer (23850) as studio yellow |
| PY74 (11741) | Hansa yellow medium; Primary yellow; Hansa Yellow 5GXB | Mid-range yellow; sometimes called a bold or bright yellow |
| PY97 (11767) | Hansa yellow deep | Warmer, more reddish yellow |
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Hue: ranges from cool, greenish yellows to warmer, slightly reddish-yellow
- Transparency: transparent to semi-transparent
- Tinting strength: good to very good
- Lightfastness: Good to very good
- Toxicity: Listed as non-toxic
- Stability: resistant to oil, water, acids and bases; not bleed resistant; only heat stable to 150C
Resources and Citations
- R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
- Reed Kay, The Painter's Guide To Studio Methods and Materials, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1983 Comment: available as an artist color since the 1930s
- Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
- Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986 Comment: Developed in Germany in 1900; first used as an artist color about 1910
- B. Berrie, S.Q. Lomax, 'Azo Pigments: Their History, Synthesis, Properties and Use in Artists' Materials', Studies in the History of Art , National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, No. 57, 1997 Comment: First sold in 1909; used as an artist color in 1915
- M. de Keijzer, 'A survey of red and yellow modern synthetic organic artists pigments discovered in the 20th century and used in oil colors', ICOM Preprints Lyons, France, Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, p. 369, 1999
- Thomas Gregory, The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Reinhold Publishing, New York, 3rd ed., 1942
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
- Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000