Difference between revisions of "Titanium"

Latest revision as of 12:11, 10 June 2022

Metallic titanium

Description

A dark gray shiny metallic element. Titanium was identified by William Gregor in 1791 and separated in 1825 by Baron Berzelius. It has an abundance of 0.63% and occurs primarily in Rutile, Anatase, Sphene, Titanite, Ilmenite, perovskite, or brookite minerals. Titanium is strong but lightweight. It is used as a metal alloy with [[copper], Iron, and Steel, to add strength while decreasing mass. Titanium alloys are used in aircraft, missiles, and space capsules. The Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo capsules were mostly made of titanium. Titanium compounds are used as abrasives and pigments. Synthetically produced zinc antimony titanate was considered the best ceramic opacifier in the early 20th c.

Metallic titanium, powdered

Synonyms and Related Terms

Ti; Titaan (Ned.); titane (Fr.); Titan (Deut.; Sven.); titanio (It., Esp.); Titânio (Port.); titania

Risks

Powder is flammable. Fire and explosion risk.
Fisher Scientific: MSDS

Physical and Chemical Properties

Soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric and hydrochloric acid. Insoluble in water.
Corrosion resistance to chlorine, seawater, air pollution, alkalis.

Composition	Ti (atomic no. 22)
CAS	7440-32-6
Melting Point	1670-1677 C
Density	4.6 g/ml
Molecular Weight	atomic wt = 47.867
Refractive Index	2.5-2.9
Boiling Point	3260-3280 C

Resources and Citations

Web Elements: Website : first isolated in 1910 by Matthew Hunter

Cricket Harbeck, Adhesives Commonly used in Objects Conservation, unpublished, 1996

C. J. Harbeck, 'Ceramic Pigments' Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 30(7), 1938.

G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 811

Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993

Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976

Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997

The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 9610

The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 Comment: first isolated by Baron Berzelius in 1823

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 == Description ==
-A dark gray shiny metallic element. Titanium was identified by William Gregor in 1791 and separated in 1825 by Baron Berzelius. It has an abundance of 0.63% and occurs primarily in [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=rutile rutile], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=anatase anatase], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=sphene sphene], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=titanite titanite], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=ilmenite ilmenite], perovskite, or brookite minerals. Titanium is strong but lightweight. It is used as a metal alloy with [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=copper copper], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=iron iron], and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=steel steel], to add strength while decreasing mass. Titanium alloys are used in aircraft, missiles, and space capsules. The Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo capsules were mostly made of titanium. Titanium compounds are used as [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=abrasive abrasives] and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=pigment pigments]. Synthetically produced zinc antimony titanate was considered the best ceramic opacifier in the early 20th c.
+A dark gray shiny metallic element. Titanium was identified by William Gregor in 1791 and separated in 1825 by Baron Berzelius. It has an abundance of 0.63% and occurs primarily in [[rutile]], [[anatase]], [[sphene]], [[titanite]], [[ilmenite]], perovskite, or brookite minerals. Titanium is strong but lightweight. It is used as a metal alloy with [[copper], [[iron]], and [[steel]], to add strength while decreasing mass. Titanium alloys are used in aircraft, missiles, and space capsules. The Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo capsules were mostly made of titanium. Titanium compounds are used as [[abrasive|abrasives]] and [[pigment|pigments]]. Synthetically produced zinc antimony titanate was considered the best ceramic opacifier in the early 20th c.
 [[File:Titaniummetalemr2.jpg|thumb|Metallic titanium, powdered]]
 == Synonyms and Related Terms ==
-Ti; Titaan (Ned.); titane (Fr.); Titan (Deut.; Sven.); titanio (It., Esp.); Titnio (Port.); titania
+Ti; Titaan (Ned.); titane (Fr.); Titan (Deut.; Sven.); titanio (It., Esp.); Titânio (Port.); titania
+== Risks ==
+* Powder is flammable.  Fire and explosion risk.
+* Fisher Scientific: [https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/99067.htm MSDS]
-== Other Properties ==
+== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
-Soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric and hydrochloric acid.  Insoluble in water. Corrosion resistance to chlorine, seawater, air pollution, alkalis.
+* Soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric and hydrochloric acid.  Insoluble in water.
+* Corrosion resistance to chlorine, seawater, air pollution, alkalis.
 {| class="wikitable"
@@ Line 22: / Line 29: @@
 |-
 ! scope="row"| Melting Point
-| 1670-1677
+| 1670-1677 C
 |-
 ! scope="row"| Density
-| 4.6
+| 4.6 g/ml
 |-
 ! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
@@ Line 34: / Line 41: @@
 |-
 ! scope="row"| Boiling Point
-| 3260-3280
+| 3260-3280 C
 |}
-== Hazards and Safety ==
+==Resources and Citations==
-Powder is flammable.  Fire and explosion risk.
-Fisher Scientific: [https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/99067.htm MSDS]
-== Additional Information ==
-Web Elements: [http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Ti/key.html Website]
-== Authority ==
+* Web Elements: [http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Ti/key.html Website] : first isolated in 1910 by Matthew Hunter
-* Cricket Harbeck, Cricket Harbeck, Adhesives Commonly used in Objects Conservation, unpublished, 1996  Comment: "Ceramic Pigments' Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 30(7), 1938.
+* Cricket Harbeck, Adhesives Commonly used in Objects Conservation, unpublished, 1996
-* External source or communication, External source or communication  Comment: C. J. Harbeck, 'Ceramic Pigments' ''Industrial and Engineering Chemistry'', 30(7), 1938.
+* C. J. Harbeck, 'Ceramic Pigments' ''Industrial and Engineering Chemistry'', 30(7), 1938.
-* G.S.Brady, G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 811
+* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 811
-* Richard S. Lewis, Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
+* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
 * ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
-* Random House, Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
+* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
 * ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983  Comment: entry 9610
 * ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998  Comment: first isolated by Baron Berzelius in 1823
-* Website address 1, Website address 1  Comment: web Elements at http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Ti/hist.html :first isolated in 1910 by Matthew Hunter
 [[Category:Materials database]]