Caulking materials, commercial
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Silicone sealants, introduced in the 1960s, are still the primary type that is used in museums for building display cases. These sealants often contain Fumed silica, calcium carbonate, ground Quartz, Carbon black, talc, and plasticizers. There are two type of neutral cure RTV silicones. The first type is an alkoxy neutral-cure that releases methanol upon cure. The alkoxy neutral cure silicones are considered suitable for use on all types of metal without risk of corrosion. The second type is an oxime neutral-cure silicones that releases methyl ethyl ketoxime. These withstand temperature better than alkoxy-cure but can cause stress-cracking in some plastic boards, such as polycarbonate and acrylics.
Other types of caulking materials that have been used include polyurethanes and latex. Polyurethane elastomers provide good abrasion resistance. Latex caulking, available in the late 1960s, eliminated the use of organic solvents. They typically contain a polymer emulsion (such as Polyvinyl acetate) in water with calcium carbonate, plasticizers, and other additives.
| Commercial name | Manufacturer | Polymer type | Properties | Applications | Maufacturers Descriptions (Characteristics and Risks) | Material Analysis | Product website |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dowsil 580 Neutral cure | Dow Corning | Silicone; oxime neutral cure; one component | General Glazing; Weathersealing applications for windows, doors, glass, metal, masonry | Not recommended for water immersion; do not use on structural glazing; may discolor copper and brass; cannot be painted; not for use on polycarbonates | Testing results | Dow: Dowsil 580 | |
| Dowsil 737 Neutral Cure | Dow Corning | Silicone; oxime neutral cure; one component | Adhesion to most materials; Adhering plastic moldings to plastic substrates for trim applications; Waterproofing electrical components | Not recommended for water immersion, or use on painted surface; may discolor brass, or copper; may stress craze polycarbonates | MMA 2016; BKM 2017; BKM 2018; BKM 2018; Testing results | Dow: Dowsil 737 | |
| Dowsil 739 RTV | Dow Corning | Silicone; alkoxy cure with moisture; one component | Adheres well to unprimed metals, ceramis and glass and some plastics | Does not adhere to teflon, polyethylene, polypropylene, or highly plasticized plastics or rubbers. | MMA 2016; Testing results | Dow: Dowsil 739 | |
| Dowsil 791 WeatherproofSealant | Dow Corning | Silicone; alkoxy cure with moisture; one component | Good for inside display envelope: glass and metal joins; glass and glass joins; Goppion uses black, grey, white due to aesthetic reasons...transparent caulks yellow within 5 years | MMA 2016; AMNH 2019; MMA 2021; Testing results | Dow: Dowsil 791 | ||
| Dowsil 795 Building Sealant | Dow Corning | Silicone; alkoxy cure with moisture; one component | Extra thick; skins over too quickly | Structural and nonstructural glazing; for most new construction and remedial sealing applications; weather sealing of most common construction materials including glass, aluminum, steel, painted metal, EIFS, granite and other stone, concrete, brick and plastics | Not recommended for water immersion, or wet or cold surfaces; not paintable | MMA 2016; MMA 2020; MMA 2021; Testing results | Dow: Dowsil 795 |
| Dowsil 9-1374 Silicone sealant | Dow Corning | Silicone; alkoxy cure with moisture; one component | Used for formed in place glaskets; provides strong flexible bond for movalble or expanding joints, such as when bonding materials with different thermal expansion rates such as glass to metal, or glass to plastic or metal to plastic |
MMA 2016; Testing results | Dow: Dowsil 9-1374 | ||
| Dowsil 3145 RTV Mil-A-46146 Adhesive / Sealant | Dow Corning | Silicone; alkoxy cure with moisture; one component | Skin over time=15 min; hard to work with; requires experienced person to apply and clean up; viscous, does not flow | Sealing openings in modules and housings; Adding mechanical stability to individual components; adheres to glass and nylon |
Good adhesion cannot be expected on non-reactive metal substrates or non-reactive plastic surfaces such as Teflon, polyethylene or polypropylene. |
BKM 2016; BKM 2017; AWNH 2019; Testing results | Dow: Dowsil 3145 |
| Dowsil 7091 Adhesive Sealant | Dow Corning | Silicone; alkoxy cure with moisture; one component | Skin over time=15 min; This one has been used in museums | Provides strong but flexible bond, such as when bonding materials with differing thermal expansion rates, e.g. glass to metal or glass to plastic | For maximum adhesion, the use of DOWSIL™ 1200 OS Primer is recommended. | BKM 2016; BKM 2017; MMA 2017; AMNH 2019; Testing results | Dow: Dowsil 7091 |
| Dowsil 993 | Dow Corning | This one has been used in museums | |||||
| Silastic 1080 RTV | Dow Corning | Silicone; alkoxy cure with moisture; one component | Provides reliable, long-lasting bonds with a wide range of substrates, including ceramics, metals, glass and filled plastics, | Long service life, wide operating temperatures, resistance to oils and solvents; water and steam resistant | Testing results | Dow: [Silastic RTV | |
| Egosilicon 460 | EGO Dichstoffwerke GnbH & Co. Betriebs KG | Silicone; alkoxy cure with moisture; one component | Timber,Metal,Glass,Sanitary,Enamel,Concrete,Plaster,Masonry,Fibre cement,Facades,Roof,Windows,Ventilation,Clean room,Marine,Ceramics,Air conditioning & heating,Masonry,Clinker,Tiles,Artificial stone | MMA 2018 white; MMA 2018 black; Testing results | EGO: Egosilicon 460 | ||
| MC Bond 2K | Promante | Silicone; two-components neutral cure | Adhesion on almost all surfaces (even wet), in most cases without primer, such as non-porous stone, concrete, mirrors, stone, plasterboard, polycarbonates, PS, PU, PVC and various plastics, ceramics, enamel, copper, lead, zinc, aluminum, stainless steel, trespassing, wood, glass, et | Paintable. Leave no trace (on stone). UV and weather resistant, resistant to (sea) water, liquids, etc. Unique | BKM 2016 ; Testing results | Promante: MC Bond | |
| PL 3X Premium Construction Adhesive | Loctite | Polyurethane; moisture cure; one component | Can be used outdoors and in high humidity environments; bonds to most common construction materials such as wood, concrete, stone, masonry, brick, carpets, metal, stainless steel, galvanized metal, lead, ceramic, rigid fiberglass, drywall, vinyl/PVC trim and molding and polyash trim. | Low VOC content; Water resistant. Not recommended for Water submersion applications or porous substrates | MMA 2017; Testing results | Henkel: Loctite | |
| Pactan 7043-1 | Tremco Illbruck | Silicone; one-component | no longer available | broad adhesion spectrum in electrics, electronics, household appliances, food contact, headlight bonding and many more. | MMA 2017; Testing results | Pactan: Adhesives | |
| Pactan 8051-1 | Tremco Illbruck | Silicone; two-components | no longer available | Broad adhesion spectrum in electrics, electronics, household appliances, food contact, headlight bonding and many more. | MMA 2017; Testing results | Pactan: Adhesives | |
| Vulkem 116 | Tremco | Polyurethane; moisture cure; one component | For use on poured and precast concrete, masonry work, window and door perimeters, and similar types of construction joints. | Paintable; exterior use only; may be removed with xylene or mineral spirits before curing; combustible producing toxic fumes | Tremco: Vulkem 116 | ||
| Colorsil N | Kawo Karl Wolpers | Silicone; neutral cure; one-component | Interior or exterior, vertical or overhead, concrete and masonry surfaces; Protects substrates from long term effects of water, environmental factors and pollution | MMA 2018; Testing results | Kawo: Colorsil | ||
| Clear Supreme Silicone | GE Sealants | Silicone; moisture cure; one-component | Water proof, mold and mildew resistant; strong adhesion; indoor/outdoor; contains chlorides | MMA 2016; Testing results | GE: Supreme Silicone |
See also: Generic caulking materials and Silicone cure systems
- AIC Conservation Wiki: Caulk Sealants to Seal Exhibit Cases