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  • #REDIRECT [[Graff "C" stain]]
    29 bytes (4 words) - 17:20, 18 August 2014
  • ...le:Cotton_rag_40x_endslabel.jpg|thumb|Cotton fibers stained with Graff "C" Stain]] ...de, [[calcium chloride]], [[zinc chloride]], and [[potassium iodide]]. "C" stain can be used as a spot test for the presence of lignin.
    3 KB (405 words) - 22:14, 30 April 2016

Page text matches

  • Cotton rag 40x endslabel.jpg|Cotton rag paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain Hemp 40x2.jpg|Hemp paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    2 KB (317 words) - 13:45, 23 August 2022
  • Esparto 40x serratedepi.jpg
    ...d serrated epidermal cells at 400x. Sample has been stained with Graff's C-stain.
    (1,182 × 1,024 (172 KB)) - 18:46, 18 June 2014
  • #REDIRECT [[Graff "C" stain]]
    29 bytes (4 words) - 17:20, 18 August 2014
  • ...le:Cotton_rag_40x_endslabel.jpg|thumb|Cotton fibers stained with Graff "C" Stain]] ...de, [[calcium chloride]], [[zinc chloride]], and [[potassium iodide]]. "C" stain can be used as a spot test for the presence of lignin.
    3 KB (405 words) - 22:14, 30 April 2016
  • ...WBS puget 10x label.jpg|Softwood sulfite paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain File:SUBK 10x2 label.jpg|Softwood kraft paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    2 KB (224 words) - 11:57, 27 June 2022
  • Acacia 10x.jpg
    ...crograph of acacia pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,006 (209 KB)) - 15:01, 16 July 2015
  • SWGW 10x label.jpg
    ...oftwood groundwood pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]].
    (945 × 1,024 (491 KB)) - 16:11, 22 August 2014
  • SWGW 40x label.jpg
    ...oftwood groundwood pulp at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]].
    (950 × 1,024 (403 KB)) - 15:57, 22 August 2014
  • Spruce 10x.jpg
    ...raph showing spruce fibers at 100x. Sample has been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,031 (131 KB)) - 16:00, 25 August 2014
  • Abaca 10x.jpg
    ...rograph showing abaca pulp at 100x. Sample has been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 815 (152 KB)) - 16:19, 25 August 2014
  • Bamboo 10x.jpg
    ...ograph showing bamboo pulp at 100x. Sample has been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 936 (95 KB)) - 16:22, 25 August 2014
  • Bamboo 40x.jpg
    ...aph showing bamboo vessels at 400x. Sample has been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,257 (112 KB)) - 16:47, 25 August 2014
  • Abaca 40x.jpg
    ...graph showing abaca fibers at 400x. Sample has been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 910 (42 KB)) - 16:50, 25 August 2014
  • Elm 40x.jpg
    ...rograph of Elm paper pulp at 400x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 747 (94 KB)) - 08:59, 17 July 2015
  • Holly 40x.jpg
    ...graph of holly paper pulp at 400x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 486 (52 KB)) - 11:42, 14 July 2015
  • Holly 10x.jpg
    ...graph of holly paper pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 944 (228 KB)) - 11:44, 14 July 2015
  • Larch 10x.jpg
    ...graph of larch paper pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,112 (151 KB)) - 14:14, 14 July 2015
  • Larch 40x piceiod pits.jpg
    ...graph of larch paper pulp at 400x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,086 (131 KB)) - 14:15, 14 July 2015
  • Ash 10x.jpg
    ...graph of ash paper pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 845 (346 KB)) - 15:02, 16 July 2015
  • Ash 40x.jpg
    ...graph of ash paper pulp at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,069 (194 KB)) - 15:03, 16 July 2015
  • Aspen 40x2.jpg
    ...aph of aspen paper pulp at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,068 (141 KB)) - 15:03, 16 July 2015
  • Beech 10x2.jpg
    ...aph of beech paper pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 990 (226 KB)) - 15:04, 16 July 2015
  • Hemp 40x2.jpg
    ...raph of hemp paper pulp at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,423 (80 KB)) - 15:11, 16 July 2015
  • Maple 10x2.jpg
    ...aph of maple paper pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 812 (304 KB)) - 15:13, 16 July 2015
  • Ramie 10x.jpg
    ...aph of ramie paper pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 872 (203 KB)) - 15:16, 16 July 2015
  • Sisal 40x bluntends.jpg
    ...aph of sisal paper pulp at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 687 (74 KB)) - 15:19, 16 July 2015
  • Kenaf 40x fibers3.jpg
    ...aph of kenaf paper pulp at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 951 (58 KB)) - 11:03, 17 July 2015
  • Kenaf 10x.jpg
    ...aph of kenaf paper pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,059 (191 KB)) - 11:03, 17 July 2015
  • Rice 40x smallvessels.jpg
    ...ograph of rice paper pulp at 400x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,329 (144 KB)) - 11:41, 17 July 2015
  • Kodakpulp bast40x.jpg
    ...bleached sulfite fiber at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (492 × 1,143 (59 KB)) - 22:22, 11 March 2016
  • Yellowbirch 10x.jpg
    ...yellow birch paper pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 934 (130 KB)) - 15:06, 16 July 2015
  • Blackcherry 10x.jpg
    ...black cherry paper pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 998 (151 KB)) - 15:09, 16 July 2015
  • Yellowpoplar 10x.jpg
    ...ellow poplar paper pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 970 (225 KB)) - 15:14, 16 July 2015
  • Redgum 10x.jpg
    ...h of red gum paper pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,033 (222 KB)) - 15:17, 16 July 2015
  • Sycamore 10x2.jpg
    ...can sycamore paper pulp at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 932 (185 KB)) - 15:21, 16 July 2015
  • Sycamore 40x.jpg
    ...can sycamore paper pulp at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,040 (97 KB)) - 15:21, 16 July 2015
  • Flax 40x nodes bastshive.jpg
    ...lax bast fibers with shive at 400x. Sample has been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 894 (239 KB)) - 11:56, 25 August 2014
  • Beech 40x.jpg
    ...er pulp at 400x showing vessels. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,218 (116 KB)) - 15:05, 16 July 2015
  • Maple 40x.jpg
    ...er pulp at 400x showing vessels. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 925 (131 KB)) - 15:13, 16 July 2015
  • Redwood pits40x.jpg
    ...paper pulp at 400x showing pits. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 788 (166 KB)) - 15:19, 16 July 2015
  • Kozo 40x.jpg
    ...micrograph of kozo fibers at 400x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" Stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,051 (76 KB)) - 15:23, 26 August 2014
  • Kapok 40x.jpg
    ...icrograph of kapok fibers at 400x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" Stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 900 (77 KB)) - 15:59, 26 August 2014
  • Kapok 10x.jpg
    ...icrograph of kapok fibers at 100x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" Stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 837 (155 KB)) - 16:00, 26 August 2014
  • Jute40x.jpg
    ...micrograph of jute fibers at 400x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" Stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 744 (169 KB)) - 12:26, 17 July 2015
  • Mits 40x.jpg
    ...graph of mitsumata fibers at 400x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" Stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 997 (42 KB)) - 16:15, 26 August 2014
  • Mits 10x.jpg
    ...graph of mitsumata fibers at 100x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" Stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 997 (98 KB)) - 16:16, 26 August 2014
  • Elm 10x.jpg
    ...omicrograph of elm fibers at 100x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,107 (133 KB)) - 11:01, 14 July 2015
  • Redwood 10x.jpg
    ...graph of redwood fibers at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 998 (121 KB)) - 15:16, 15 July 2015
  • Sisal 10x.jpg
    ...icrograph of sisal fibers at 100x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 718 (182 KB)) - 15:20, 16 July 2015
  • Spruce 40x.jpg
    ...h pits in spruce fibers at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,078 (81 KB)) - 14:14, 13 July 2015
  • Baldcypress 10x pits.jpg
    ...of bald cypress fibers at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 968 (99 KB)) - 15:03, 13 July 2015
  • Baldcypress 40x 5.jpg
    ...of bald cypress fibers at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 809 (85 KB)) - 15:05, 13 July 2015
  • Balsam fir 10x.jpg
    ...ph of balsam fir fibers at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,070 (170 KB)) - 15:42, 13 July 2015
  • Balsam fir 40x pits.jpg
    ...ph of balsam fir fibers at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 527 (69 KB)) - 15:42, 13 July 2015
  • Whiteoak tyloses 10x.jpg
    ...aper pulp at 100x showing tyloses. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff C stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,084 (103 KB)) - 13:29, 6 August 2020
  • Lodgepole pine 40x.jpg
    ...e paper pulp at 400x showing pits. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" Stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 961 (68 KB)) - 12:01, 15 July 2015
  • Acacia 40x pitting.jpg
    ...400x showing pitting on vessels. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 788 (78 KB)) - 15:01, 16 July 2015
  • Blackcherry 40x spirals2.jpg
    ...er pulp at 400x showing vessels. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,008 (148 KB)) - 15:09, 16 July 2015
  • Yellowpoplar 40x.jpg
    ...er pulp at 400x showing vessels. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 898 (111 KB)) - 15:15, 16 July 2015
  • Redgum 40x.jpg
    ...er pulp at 400x showing vessels. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 922 (70 KB)) - 15:18, 16 July 2015
  • SUBK 10x2 label.jpg
    ...unbleached kraft fibers at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]].
    (1,024 × 903 (170 KB)) - 15:54, 22 August 2014
  • SUBK 40x label.jpg
    ...unbleached kraft fibers at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]].
    (1,024 × 888 (175 KB)) - 15:55, 22 August 2014
  • W red cedar 10x.jpg
    ...estern red cedar fibers at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,023 (86 KB)) - 09:22, 14 July 2015
  • Red pine 10x.jpg
    ...f red pine paper fibers at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 988 (154 KB)) - 12:24, 15 July 2015
  • Scotch pine 10x.jpg
    ...cotch pine paper fibers at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,104 (206 KB)) - 12:37, 15 July 2015
  • Ramie 40x striations.jpg
    ...bers at 400x showing striations. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,467 (97 KB)) - 15:17, 16 July 2015
  • HBK aspen10x2.jpg
    ...h showing aspen paper pulp at 100x. Pulp has been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 906 (336 KB)) - 13:05, 4 September 2015
  • Hickory 40x earlywood.jpg
    ...showing hickory paper pulp at 400x. Pulp has been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 932 (106 KB)) - 13:16, 4 September 2015
  • Hickory 10x.jpg
    ...showing hickory paper pulp at 100x. Pulp has been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 911 (108 KB)) - 13:18, 4 September 2015
  • Lodgepole pine 40x compression.jpg
    ...at 400x showing compression wood. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff C stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,024 (94 KB)) - 13:30, 6 August 2020
  • Sisal 40x.jpg
    ...wing an unwound spiral thickening. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 709 (101 KB)) - 15:34, 15 July 2015
  • Yellowbirch 40x.jpg
    ...howing scalariform perforations. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 947 (103 KB)) - 15:06, 16 July 2015
  • Blackgum 40x.jpg
    ...howing scalariform perforations. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 956 (62 KB)) - 15:08, 16 July 2015
  • Bagasse 10x longvessels.jpg
    ...bagasse fibers and vessels at 100x. Sample has been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 702 (211 KB)) - 16:10, 25 August 2014
  • Bagasse 40x.jpg
    ...sse fibers and broken vessels 400x. Sample has been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 718 (76 KB)) - 16:53, 25 August 2014
  • Euc vessel 40x.jpg
    ...fibers and vessels with tails 400x. Sample has been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 982 (83 KB)) - 16:55, 25 August 2014
  • Redoak vessels 10x.jpg
    ...od kraft fibers (red oak) at 100x. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 894 (159 KB)) - 13:27, 29 October 2014
  • HWsulfite 40x.jpg
    ...wood bleached sulfite pulp at 400x. Pulp has been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,305 (104 KB)) - 09:37, 17 July 2015
  • Alder 40x2.jpg
    ...lack alder paper pulp vessels 400x. Pulp has been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,006 (164 KB)) - 12:56, 4 September 2015
  • Alder 10x.jpg
    ...ing black alder paper pulp at 100x. Pulp has been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 877 (176 KB)) - 12:56, 4 September 2015
  • Lodgepole pine 40x d.jpg
    ...400x showing dentate ray tracheid. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" Stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 858 (40 KB)) - 12:50, 15 July 2015
  • Blackgum opp pitting 40x.jpg
    ...400x showing pitting on vessels. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,104 (79 KB)) - 15:08, 16 July 2015
  • SBA 40x pinoidpitslabel.jpg
    ...wood bleached alpha fiber at 400x. Fiber has been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (948 × 1,024 (192 KB)) - 14:35, 22 August 2014
  • Red pine 40x.jpg
    ...per fibers at 400x showing pits. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,251 (111 KB)) - 12:22, 15 July 2015
  • Scotch pine 40x.jpg
    ...per fibers at 400x showing pits. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,382 (91 KB)) - 12:37, 15 July 2015
  • Cotton rag 40x endslabel.jpg
    ...ds of cotton rag fibers at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]].
    (1,024 × 1,046 (422 KB)) - 14:04, 22 August 2014
  • Kodakpulp bast10x.jpg
    ...rocess|sulfite pulp]] at 100x. This sample has been stained with [[Graff C stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,100 (163 KB)) - 13:31, 6 August 2020
  • SYP 40x pinoid.jpg
    ...per fibers at 100x showing pits. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,141 (82 KB)) - 12:46, 15 July 2015
  • Spruce 40x 4.jpg
    ...at 100x showing pits in fibers. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 2,077 (134 KB)) - 09:04, 17 July 2015
  • Ponderosa pine 40x pinoid.jpg
    ...r fibers at 400x showing fibers. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,258 (83 KB)) - 12:13, 15 July 2015
  • Cotton linter 40x taperlabel.jpg
    ...f a cotton linter fiber at 400x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]].
    (1,024 × 1,046 (391 KB)) - 14:04, 22 August 2014
  • Redoak 40x.jpg
    ...ng pitting on an early wood vessel. Sample has been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,061 (148 KB)) - 12:05, 15 July 2015
  • Oat 40x serratedepi.jpg
    ...cells and other vessel element. This sample has been stained with Graff C-Stain Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 899 (113 KB)) - 16:46, 14 November 2014
  • Oat 40x unwoundspirals.jpg
    ...nings and other vessel elements. This sample has been stained with Graff C-Stain Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 907 (95 KB)) - 16:48, 14 November 2014
  • Whiteoak 10x.jpg
    ...owing early and late wood vessels. Fibers have been stained with Graff "C" Stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 938 (120 KB)) - 12:04, 15 July 2015
  • Douglas fir 40x spirals.jpg
    ...wing spiral thickening and pits. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 2,441 (178 KB)) - 09:47, 14 July 2015
  • Douglas fir 40x spirals4.jpg
    ...wing spiral thickening and pits. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,501 (120 KB)) - 09:47, 14 July 2015
  • Esparto 40x se commas.jpg
    ...l cells, and comma cells at 400x. Sample has been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]].
    (1,024 × 860 (216 KB)) - 14:02, 22 August 2014
  • W hemlock 40x pits2label.jpg
    ...method: softwood bleached sulfite. Fiber has been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]].
    (542 × 877 (80 KB)) - 14:03, 22 August 2014
  • SWBS puget 10x label.jpg
    ...bleached sulfite fibers at 100x. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. This sample contains spruce and hemlock fibers.
    (1,016 × 1,024 (323 KB)) - 22:12, 11 March 2016
  • Rice 40x.jpg
    ...yma and other vessel elements. This sample has been stained with [[Graff C stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 782 (99 KB)) - 13:30, 6 August 2020
  • W red cedar 40x.jpg
    ...tertrachied and ray parenchyma pits. Fiber has been stained with Graff "C" stain. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 872 (74 KB)) - 11:56, 13 July 2015
  • SYP2 10x.jpg
    ...wing early and late wood fibers. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,055 (94 KB)) - 12:45, 15 July 2015
  • Cotton rag 40x endslabel.jpg|Cotton rag paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain Hemp 40x2.jpg|Hemp paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    1 KB (180 words) - 17:01, 8 September 2022
  • ...x2 label.jpg|thumb|Unbleached softwood kraft fibers stained with Graff "C" Stain]] ...hing, pulps will appear lighter and tend more toward red when treated with stain, though this can be difficult to see with hardwood pulps. The stained color
    3 KB (402 words) - 15:22, 6 June 2022
  • UBK sugar pine 10x.jpg
    ...nbleached [[kraft paper|kraft]]. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,002 (75 KB)) - 13:27, 6 August 2020
  • SWUBK sugar pine 40x.jpg
    ...nbleached [[kraft paper|kraft]]. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,494 (109 KB)) - 13:27, 6 August 2020
  • Ponderosa pine 40x.jpg
    ...bers and a dentate ray tracheid. Fibers have been stained with [[Graff "C" stain]]. Photo credit: Jennifer McGlinchey Sexton and Paul Messier.
    (1,024 × 1,102 (106 KB)) - 12:51, 15 July 2015
  • ...iolet to red violet response to iodine-zinc chloride solution. [[Graff "C" stain]] can be used to distinguish types of chemical pulping and bleaching. File:SWBS puget 10x label.jpg|Chemical softwood stained with Graff "C" Stain
    3 KB (412 words) - 14:50, 29 April 2016
  • ...shape, etc. Fibers are short with thin walls. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: varies with pulping process and bleaching; [[kraft process|Kraft]]=dark File:Redoak vessels 10x.jpg|Red oak paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    3 KB (446 words) - 13:33, 12 October 2020
  • ...guish [[straw|cereal straws]] from each other. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue. Common pulping method: [[Soda]]. File:Esparto 40x serratedepi.jpg|Esparto paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    2 KB (309 words) - 13:19, 29 October 2020
  • ...in alpha cellulose can be identified using [[Graff "C" stain]], which will stain pinkish red. Examples of common paper fibers that are high in alpha cellulo ...x pinoidpitslabel.jpg|Softwood Bleached Alpha Fiber stained with Graff "C" stain
    3 KB (388 words) - 10:18, 26 April 2022
  • ...0x label.jpg|thumb|Softwood bleached sulfite fibers stained with Graff "C" Stain at 10x]] [[File:HWsulfite 40x.jpg|thumb|Hardwood sulfite pulp stained with Graff "C" stain at 40x]]
    3 KB (437 words) - 14:02, 28 September 2022
  • ...such as ray parenchyma pits, size, width, etc. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: [[sulfite process|sulfite]]= warm pink to grey, appearance gets lighter ...10x label.jpg|Softwood bleached sulfite paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    4 KB (527 words) - 13:31, 12 October 2020
  • ...cies, but typically pinkish red due to high [[alpha cellulose]], nodes may stain red. Average dimensions of fibers: varies with species. Common pulping meth Hemp 40x2.jpg|Hemp paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    3 KB (449 words) - 14:38, 29 October 2020
  • ...ze and occur mostly commonly in groups of two. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: varies with pulping and bleaching. Ray tracheids are non-dentate. Averag File:UBK sugar pine 10x.jpg|Sugar pine paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    2 KB (282 words) - 13:48, 28 September 2022
  • ...oroglucinol]] turns red (Roberts and Etherington 1982), 5) and [[Graff "C" stain]] will turn yellow due the presence of lignin. File:SWGW 10x label.jpg|Softwood groundwood pulp stained with Graff "C" Stain at 10x
    2 KB (295 words) - 15:52, 26 September 2022
  • ...with variable ends. the lumen varies in width. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: yellowish pink. Mistumata stains lighter than [[kozo]] fibers due to a h File:Mits 40x.jpg|Mitsumata fibers stained with Graff "C" stain
    2 KB (345 words) - 14:39, 29 October 2020
  • ...is common. Dentate ray tracheids are present. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: varies with pulping and bleaching . Average dimensions of fibers: length ...pine 40x compression.jpg|Lodgepole pine paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    3 KB (369 words) - 10:16, 8 October 2020
  • ...:Scotch pine 10x.jpg|thumb|Scotch pine paper fibers stained with Graff "C" stain]] ...:Scotch pine 40x.jpg|thumb|Scotch pine paper fibers stained with Graff "C" stain]]
    2 KB (311 words) - 11:31, 8 October 2020
  • ...will appear lighter and tend more toward blue or purple when treated with stain. * J. H. Graff "Color Atlas for Fiber Identification" The Institute of Paper Chemistry, Ap
    1 KB (201 words) - 18:35, 1 May 2016
  • ...rforations are simple. Tyloses may be present. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng File:Whiteoak 10x.jpg|White oak paper pulp stained with Graff "C" Stain
    3 KB (359 words) - 09:52, 27 June 2022
  • File:Rice 40x.jpg|Rice paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain File:Rice 40x smallvessels.jpg|Rice paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    2 KB (256 words) - 16:09, 25 August 2022
  • Cotton rag 40x endslabel.jpg|Cotton rag paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain File:Flax 40x nodes bastshive.jpg|Flax paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    2 KB (267 words) - 13:25, 9 September 2022
  • ...early wood. Dentate ray tracheids are present. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: varies with pulping and bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: length File:SYP2 10x.jpg|Southern yellow pine paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    2 KB (339 words) - 16:06, 8 October 2020
  • [[File:Redoak vessels 10x.jpg|thumb|Red Oak paper pulp stained with Graff "C" Stain]] [[File:Redoak 40x.jpg|thumb|Red Oak paper pulp stained with Graff "C" Stain]]
    3 KB (386 words) - 13:37, 3 October 2022
  • [[File:Red pine 10x.jpg|thumb|Red pine paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain at 10x]] [[File:Red pine 40x.jpg|thumb|Red pine paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain at 40x]]
    3 KB (362 words) - 13:52, 3 October 2022
  • ...are scalariform with tapered, spiraled ends . Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Common pulping method: [[kraft pro File:Holly 40x.jpg|Holly paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    3 KB (373 words) - 09:17, 3 October 2020
  • ...es for specific morphological characteristics. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: varies with pulping and bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: varies ...0x compression.jpg|Lodgepole pine paper pulp at 40x stained with Graff "C" stain
    5 KB (696 words) - 10:38, 22 October 2022
  • Yellowbirch 10x.jpg|Yellow birch paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain Yellowbirch 40x.jpg|Yellow birch paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    2 KB (270 words) - 17:05, 4 September 2020
  • ...s. Perforations are scalariform with >15 bars. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng Blackgum opp pitting 40x.jpg|Black gum paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    2 KB (336 words) - 09:55, 22 June 2022
  • ...pine 40x pinoid.jpg|thumb|Ponderosa pine paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain]] ...derosa pine 40x.jpg|thumb|Ponderosa pine paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain]]
    3 KB (409 words) - 13:15, 27 September 2022
  • ...odiod features. Ray tracheids are non-dentate. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: varies with pulping method . Average dimensions of fibers: length, 3.4mm File:Spruce 10x.jpg| Spruce paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    4 KB (507 words) - 17:37, 12 October 2020
  • ...lock 40x pits2label.jpg|thumb|Western Hemlock fiber stained with Graff "C" Stain]] ...acheids are non-dentate and usually collapsed. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: varies with pulping method. Average dimensions of fibers: length, 4.2mm;
    2 KB (271 words) - 16:50, 8 October 2020
  • ...s. Perforations are scalariform with <10 bars. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng Yellowpoplar 10x.jpg|Yellow poplar paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    3 KB (392 words) - 14:03, 21 June 2022
  • ...in horizontal rows. Perferations are simple . Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: length, Acacia 10x.jpg|Acacia paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    3 KB (445 words) - 15:43, 18 April 2022
  • ...ingy elements, and unwound spiral thickenings. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: greyish-blue. Average dimensions of fibers: length 3mm, width 20μm. Com File:Sisal 10x.jpg|Sisal paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain at 10x
    4 KB (509 words) - 13:01, 31 May 2022
  • ...ons and cross-markings are present, but faint. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: purple-red, ranging from light to dark. Average dimensions of fibers: le File:Kozo 40x.jpg|Kozo fibers stained with Graff "C" Stain at 40x
    2 KB (336 words) - 15:20, 5 October 2022
  • ...Separated spiral thickenings may be present. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: Dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng File:Bagasse 10x longvessels.jpg|Bagasse paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    3 KB (452 words) - 16:06, 1 May 2022
  • File:Oat 40x unwoundspirals.jpg|Oat paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    927 bytes (134 words) - 13:42, 15 October 2020
  • ...gular open spiraling. Perforations are simple. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Common pulping method: [[kraft pro Blackcherry 10x.jpg|Black cherry paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain at 10x
    4 KB (514 words) - 12:08, 28 May 2022
  • ...Vessels are profuse if whole plant is pulped. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: grey-blue. Average dimensions of fibers: length 5mm, width 21μm. Common Kenaf 10x.jpg|Kenaf paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain at 10x
    4 KB (519 words) - 14:22, 2 October 2022
  • ...arly shaped vasocentric trachieds are present. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng Ash 10x.jpg|Ash paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain at 10x
    4 KB (499 words) - 11:14, 4 July 2022
  • ...simple. Tyloses are present in [[white oak]]. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng ...of chips. The high tannic acid in oak can turn screw black, that in turn stain the wood.
    5 KB (776 words) - 08:39, 4 August 2022
  • ...tions are scalariform, typically on both ends. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Common pulping method: [[kraft pro File:Sycamore 40x.jpg|American Sycamore paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    4 KB (518 words) - 10:27, 4 October 2020
  • | 250-275 C ...e paper fibers to stain yellow when treated with [[Graff "C" stain]]. This stain is often used to determine the presence of lignin in paper samples and for
    3 KB (471 words) - 14:34, 7 October 2022
  • ...bamboo does not have serrated epidermal cells. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: reddish blue. Average dimensions of fibers: length 2.7mm; width 14μm. C File:Bamboo 10x.jpg|Bamboo pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    4 KB (491 words) - 12:50, 29 October 2020
  • ...fibers can be spoon-shaped with widened lumen. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: Orange-red, but greys with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng File:Kapok 10x.jpg|Kapok fibers stained with Graff "C" stain at 10x
    4 KB (516 words) - 12:41, 15 September 2022
  • ...vellana (It.); hazelaar (Ned.); Hassel (Nor.); Leszczyna pospolita (Pol.); cária (Port.); hasseln (Sven.) ...dimensions of fibers: length 1.3mm, 17μm wide. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Common pulping method: [[kraft pro
    4 KB (518 words) - 10:34, 15 October 2020
  • ...in horizontal groups. Perforations are simple. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng Aspen 40x2.jpg|Aspen paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    4 KB (548 words) - 14:18, 3 March 2023
  • ...l. The presence of esparto in a paper may be determined by the [[Hertzberg stain|Hertzberg test]] (iodine-chloride solution - positive stains deep violet) o ...ls (tricomb cells) are present in all grasses. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue. Average dimensions of fibers: length 1.2mm; width 13μm. Comm
    3 KB (481 words) - 14:21, 5 August 2022
  • ...sels have spirals. Fiber tracheids are common. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng Redgum 40x.jpg|Red gum paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain at 40x
    4 KB (526 words) - 10:45, 16 September 2022
  • ...difference between early and late wood fibers. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: pale pink, varies with pulping and bleaching. Average dimensions of fibe ...:Douglas fir 40x spirals.jpg|Douglas fir paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    4 KB (583 words) - 15:40, 22 July 2022
  • ...ions that are finer than [[flax]] or [[hemp]]. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: red due to high [[alpha cellulose]]. Average dimensions of fibers: lengt File:Ramie 40x striations.jpg|Ramie paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    5 KB (633 words) - 12:46, 29 October 2020
  • ...ller vessels can have scalariform on one end . Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng Beech 10x2.jpg|Beech paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    4 KB (603 words) - 13:31, 2 May 2022
  • ...rows. Vasocentric trachieds are also present. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: length 1.1mm, width File:Euc vessel 40x.jpg|Eucalyptus pulp stained with Graff "C" Stain
    4 KB (489 words) - 16:45, 5 August 2022
  • ...verse walls across the lumen are also present. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng
    1 KB (200 words) - 12:58, 24 July 2022
  • [[File:1994.204a-c-SC58836.jpg|thumb|Puzzle jar<br>MFA# 1994.204a-c]] [[File:elmleafcm.jpg|thumb|Elm branch (''Ulmus vegeta C.'')]]
    5 KB (759 words) - 17:19, 6 July 2023
  • ...etween early and late wood fibers can be seen. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: pale pink, varies with pulping and bleaching. Average dimensions of fibe File:Larch 10x.jpg|Larch paper pulp stained with Graffs "C" Stain
    3 KB (487 words) - 10:36, 2 October 2020
  • ...wide, well-defined lumen. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: Nodes will stain red. Average dimensions of fibers: length, 5-6mm. 20-24μm wide. Common pul File:Abaca 10x.jpg|Abaca pulp stained with Graff "C" Stain
    5 KB (759 words) - 10:24, 8 November 2023
  • ...vessels is alternate. Perforations are simple. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng ..., straight grain that machines well and turns easily. The surface accepts stain easily and can be polished to an attractive finish. The hard, close grain
    5 KB (783 words) - 14:17, 3 March 2023
  • ...ized taxodiod pits 3+ across. Fibers are wide. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: varies with pulping and bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: length File:Redwood 10x.jpg|Redwood paper fibers stained with Graffs "C" stain
    4 KB (509 words) - 15:16, 4 October 2022
  • ...(wheat, oat, rye and barely). Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: fibers stain dark, other vessels may have variable colors. Average dimensions of fibers:
    3 KB (405 words) - 12:50, 15 October 2020
  • ...Graff "C" stain]]: pinkish red due to high [[alpha cellulose]]; nodes will stain red. Average dimensions of fibers: length 33mm, width 19μm. Common pulping ...Flax 40x nodes bastshive.jpg|Flax fibers with shive stained with Graff "C" stain
    5 KB (695 words) - 14:38, 21 August 2022
  • ...anf (Deut.); chanvre (Fr.); hennep (Ned.) cânhamo (Port.); hampan (Sven.); cáñamo (Esp.) * Thermal conductivity = 0.040 W/m.K Thermal resistance = 2.35 at 2.50 m°C/W.
    4 KB (599 words) - 11:22, 14 October 2020
  • ...calariform with >10 bars (except river birch). Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng Yellowbirch 10x.jpg|Yellow birch paper pulp stained with Graff "C" stain
    6 KB (894 words) - 15:09, 7 May 2022
  • ...are frequently 2-3 across in horizontal rows. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: varies with pulping and bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: length * H. A. Alden, A.C. Wiedenhoeft, "Qualified Determination of Provenance of Wood of the Firs (A
    2 KB (324 words) - 08:24, 2 May 2022
  • ...fibers can be spoon-shaped with widened lumen. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: Orange-red, but greys with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng [[File:Jute40x.jpg|thumb|Jute fibers stained with Graff "C" stain
    5 KB (717 words) - 12:43, 29 October 2020
  • ...cedar (''C. atlantica''), Cyprus cedar (''C. brevifolia''), and deodar (''C. deodara''). juniper; cedarwood; cedar chips; cedar shavings; ''Cedrus libani''; cèdre (Fr.); Zedar (Deut.);cedro (It., Port., Esp.) ; sedar
    4 KB (519 words) - 12:27, 16 June 2022
  • ...ss. Fibers are wide and can be up to 7mm long. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: 6.2mm, av width 45-
    3 KB (383 words) - 16:17, 1 May 2022
  • File:Flax 40x nodes bastshive.jpg|Linen fibers stained with Graff "C" stain
    4 KB (516 words) - 12:59, 8 September 2022
  • ...e branched. Vascular trachieds may be present. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: dark blue, but varies with bleaching. Average dimensions of fibers: leng
    4 KB (601 words) - 13:20, 22 June 2022
  • ...mmature fibers do not have a pronounced twist. Appearance with [[Graff "C" stain]]: pinkish red due to high [[alpha cellulose]]. Average dimensions: (Rag) l ...tton linter 40x taperlabel.jpg|Cotton linter fibers stained with Graff "C" stain
    42 KB (5,397 words) - 14:54, 1 December 2020