Difference between revisions of "Epoxy"
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| − | [[File:1989.818-SC16408.jpg|thumb| | + | [[File:1989.818-SC16408.jpg|thumb|Painted sculpture<br>MFA# 1989.818]] |
== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | + | [[File:Epoxy bracelet 2006.628.png|thumb|Bracelet made using epoxy resin and enamel powder<br>MFA# 2006.628]] | |
| − | A series of thermosetting polymers based on the chemical reactivity of an epoxide group. Epoxies, first patented in Switzerland in 1939 by Pierre Castan, were further developed in the 1940s and 50s. They are composed of a liquid that, when mixed with a catalyst, crosslinks to form a hard, strongly bound solid. The most commonly used epoxies are made with epichlorohydrin reacted with bisphenol A. Epoxies are typically dense, insoluble structures that are dimensionally stable and wear resistant. | + | A series of thermosetting polymers based on the chemical reactivity of an epoxide group. Epoxies, first patented in Switzerland in 1939 by Pierre Castan, were further developed in the 1940s and 50s. They are composed of a liquid that, when mixed with a catalyst, crosslinks to form a hard, strongly bound solid. The most commonly used epoxies are made with epichlorohydrin reacted with bisphenol A. Epoxies are typically dense, insoluble structures that are dimensionally stable and wear resistant. Exhibiting minimal shrinkage with cure, they are used as adhesives, molded products, and baked enamel surface coatings. |
[[File:1.18.05 06-Applying epoxy.jpg|thumb|Applying epoxy]] | [[File:1.18.05 06-Applying epoxy.jpg|thumb|Applying epoxy]] | ||
| + | [[[SliderGallery rightalign|aaiEPON_epoxy.jpg~FTIR]]] | ||
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
| − | EP; epoxy resin; epoxide resin; polyepoxide; | + | EP; epoxy resin; epoxide resin; polyepoxide; résine époxyde (Fr.); Epoxidharz (Deut.); resina epoxi (Esp.); poliepóxido (Esp., Port.); resina epossidica (It.); resina epoxídica (Port.); epoxi (Sven.) |
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| − | + | Examples: [[Ablebond]]; Araldite [Huntsman ex Ciba-Geigy]; [[CM Bond]]; [[Epon resins|Epon]]® [Hexion]; [[Epo-Tek 301|Epotek]]; [[Hxtal NYL-1|Hxtal]]; [[Phillyseal R]] (formerly Pliacre) [Philadelphia Resins]; [[UHU adhesives]]. | |
| − | + | == Applications == | |
| + | * Adhesive | ||
| + | == Personal Risks == | ||
| − | + | * Hardeners are moderately toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin contact. | |
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| − | == | + | == Collection Risks == |
| + | May form ammonia and hydrochloric acid upon degradation. | ||
| − | + | == Physical and Chemical Properties == | |
| − | = | + | * Burns with yellow flame; smells of phenol. |
| + | * Density = 1.1-1.4 | ||
| − | + | == Working Properties == | |
| + | Two-part system with a liquid and a catalyst. Curing time ranges by product from 5 minutes - a week | ||
== Comparisons == | == Comparisons == | ||
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[[media:download_file_275.pdf|General Characteristics of Polymers]] | [[media:download_file_275.pdf|General Characteristics of Polymers]] | ||
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== Additional Images == | == Additional Images == | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
| − | File:12.07.04 - First coat filled.jpg|First coating of epoxy | + | File:12.07.04 - First coat filled.jpg|First coating of epoxy |
File:12.22.04 edges of epoxy.jpg|Edges of epoxy | File:12.22.04 edges of epoxy.jpg|Edges of epoxy | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
| + | == Resources and Citations == | ||
| + | * J. Down, M.MacDonald, J.Te'treault, S.Williams, Adhesive Testing at the Canadian Conservation Institute-An Evaluation of Selected Poly(Vinyl acetate) and Acrylic Adhesives", ''Studies in Conservation'' 41:19-44, 1996. | ||
| − | + | * M.Savla, "Epoxy Resin Adhesives" in ''Handbook of Adhesives'', I.Skeist (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1977, p.434-445. | |
| − | * | + | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 |
| − | * | + | * Ralph Mayer, ''A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques'', Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing) |
| − | * | + | * Hoechst Celanese Corporation, ''Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology'' (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990 |
* ''Dictionary of Building Preservation'', Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996 | * ''Dictionary of Building Preservation'', Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996 | ||
| − | * Wikipedia | + | * Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoxy (Accessed Feb. 10, 2006) |
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| − | * | + | * Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982 |
| − | * | + | * Pam Hatchfield, ''Pollutants in the Museum Environment'', Archetype Press, London, 2002 |
| − | * | + | * Tom Rowland, Noel Riley, ''A-Z Guide to Cleaning, Conserving and Repairing Antiques'', Constable and Co., Ltd., London, 1981 |
| − | * | + | * Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979 |
| − | * | + | * Website address 1 Comment: www.nswpmith.com.au/historyofplastics.html |
| − | * | + | * Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', ''Engineered Plastics'', ASM International, 1988 |
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 | * Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 | ||
Latest revision as of 11:08, 7 August 2022
Description
A series of thermosetting polymers based on the chemical reactivity of an epoxide group. Epoxies, first patented in Switzerland in 1939 by Pierre Castan, were further developed in the 1940s and 50s. They are composed of a liquid that, when mixed with a catalyst, crosslinks to form a hard, strongly bound solid. The most commonly used epoxies are made with epichlorohydrin reacted with bisphenol A. Epoxies are typically dense, insoluble structures that are dimensionally stable and wear resistant. Exhibiting minimal shrinkage with cure, they are used as adhesives, molded products, and baked enamel surface coatings.
Synonyms and Related Terms
EP; epoxy resin; epoxide resin; polyepoxide; résine époxyde (Fr.); Epoxidharz (Deut.); resina epoxi (Esp.); poliepóxido (Esp., Port.); resina epossidica (It.); resina epoxídica (Port.); epoxi (Sven.)
Examples: Ablebond; Araldite [Huntsman ex Ciba-Geigy]; CM Bond; Epon® [Hexion]; Epotek; Hxtal; Phillyseal R (formerly Pliacre) [Philadelphia Resins]; UHU adhesives.
Applications
- Adhesive
Personal Risks
- Hardeners are moderately toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin contact.
Collection Risks
May form ammonia and hydrochloric acid upon degradation.
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Burns with yellow flame; smells of phenol.
- Density = 1.1-1.4
Working Properties
Two-part system with a liquid and a catalyst. Curing time ranges by product from 5 minutes - a week
Comparisons
Physical Properties for Selected Thermoset Resins
General Characteristics of Polymers
Additional Images
First coating of epoxy
Edges of epoxy
Resources and Citations
- J. Down, M.MacDonald, J.Te'treault, S.Williams, Adhesive Testing at the Canadian Conservation Institute-An Evaluation of Selected Poly(Vinyl acetate) and Acrylic Adhesives", Studies in Conservation 41:19-44, 1996.
- M.Savla, "Epoxy Resin Adhesives" in Handbook of Adhesives, I.Skeist (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1977, p.434-445.
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971
- Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
- Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
- Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
- Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoxy (Accessed Feb. 10, 2006)
- Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
- Pam Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002
- Tom Rowland, Noel Riley, A-Z Guide to Cleaning, Conserving and Repairing Antiques, Constable and Co., Ltd., London, 1981
- Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
- Website address 1 Comment: www.nswpmith.com.au/historyofplastics.html
- Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
- Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000