Difference between revisions of "Insecticide"

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Chemical products designed to kill insects. Insecticides can be classified as:  
 
Chemical products designed to kill insects. Insecticides can be classified as:  
  
1. Inorganic toxic compounds (e.g., soluble salts of [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=arsenic arsenic], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=lead lead], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=mercury mercury], and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=copper copper]) are consumed and act as stomach poisons. Silica absorbs the outer waxy covering and desiccates insects.  
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1. Inorganic toxic compounds (e.g., soluble salts of [[arsenic]], [[lead]], [[mercury]], and [[copper]]) are consumed and act as stomach poisons. Silica absorbs the outer waxy covering and desiccates insects.  
  
2. Natural organic compounds (e.g., [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=pyrethrin pyrethrin], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=rotenone rotenone], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=nicotine nicotine], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=copper%20naphthenate copper naphthenate], petroleum derivatives) are contact insecticides.  
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2. Natural organic compounds (e.g., [[pyrethrin]], [[rotenone]], [[nicotine]], [[copper naphthenate]], petroleum derivatives) are contact insecticides.  
  
3. Synthetic organic compounds such as chlorinated (e.g., [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=DDT DDT], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=aldrin aldrin], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=chlordane chlordane], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=lindane lindane]) contact insecticides are nonbiodegradable and many have been banned. Organic phosphates (e.g., [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=parathion parathion], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=diazinon diazinon], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=chloropyrifos chloropyrifos], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=dichlorvos dichlorvos], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=malathion malathion]) are toxic contact insecticides that are still in use.  
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3. Synthetic organic compounds such as chlorinated (e.g., [[DDT]], [[aldrin]], [[chlordane]], [[lindane]]) contact insecticides are nonbiodegradable and many have been banned. Organic phosphates (e.g., [[parathion]], [[diazinon]], [[chloropyrifos]], [[dichlorvos]], [[malathion]]) are toxic contact insecticides that are still in use.  
  
4. Insect growth regulators (e.g., [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=methoprene methoprene], hydroprene, and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=fenoxycarb fenoxycarb]) prevent larvae from becoming adults.  
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4. Insect growth regulators (e.g., [[methoprene]], hydroprene, and [[fenoxycarb]]) prevent larvae from becoming adults.  
  
5. Fumigants (e.g., [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=sulfuryl%20fluoride sulfuryl fluoride] and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=methyl%20bromide methyl bromide]) are vapor phase insecticides that penetrate inaccessible locations.  
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5. Fumigants (e.g., [[sulfuryl fluoride]] and [[methyl bromide]]) are vapor phase insecticides that penetrate inaccessible locations.  
  
6. Anoxic storage using A href="fullrecord.asp?name=oxygen scavenger">oxygen scavengers ([http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=Ageless%C2%AE Ageless®], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=VELOXY%C2%AE VELOXY®]) in an airtight container kills all stages of insects (adults, eggs, larvae, and pupae).
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6. Anoxic storage using A href="fullrecord.asp?name=oxygen scavenger">oxygen scavengers ([[Ageless®]], [[VELOXY®]]) in an airtight container kills all stages of insects (adults, eggs, larvae, and pupae).
  
 
[[File:Insecticides_ground_forestryimages.org.jpg|thumb|Insecticide]]
 
[[File:Insecticides_ground_forestryimages.org.jpg|thumb|Insecticide]]
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== Hazards and Safety ==
 
== Hazards and Safety ==
  

Revision as of 14:16, 16 January 2014

DDT insecticide

Description

Chemical products designed to kill insects. Insecticides can be classified as:

1. Inorganic toxic compounds (e.g., soluble salts of Arsenic, Lead, Mercury, and Copper) are consumed and act as stomach poisons. Silica absorbs the outer waxy covering and desiccates insects.

2. Natural organic compounds (e.g., Pyrethrin, Rotenone, Nicotine, Copper naphthenate, petroleum derivatives) are contact insecticides.

3. Synthetic organic compounds such as chlorinated (e.g., DDT, Aldrin, Chlordane, Lindane) contact insecticides are nonbiodegradable and many have been banned. Organic phosphates (e.g., Parathion, Diazinon, Chloropyrifos, Dichlorvos, Malathion) are toxic contact insecticides that are still in use.

4. Insect growth regulators (e.g., Methoprene, hydroprene, and Fenoxycarb) prevent larvae from becoming adults.

5. Fumigants (e.g., Sulfuryl fluoride and Methyl bromide) are vapor phase insecticides that penetrate inaccessible locations.

6. Anoxic storage using A href="fullrecord.asp?name=oxygen scavenger">oxygen scavengers (Ageless®, VELOXY®) in an airtight container kills all stages of insects (adults, eggs, larvae, and pupae).

Insecticide

Hazards and Safety

All insecticides are potentially toxic to humans and animals. Pyrethrins, rotenone and methoxychlor are the least toxic because they quickly decompose.

Additional Information

J.Dawson, "Solving Museum Insect Problems: Chemical Control" CCI Technical Bulletin No. 15.

Additional Images


Authority

  • Lynda A. Zycherman, J.Richard Schrock, A Guide to Museum Pest Control, FAIC and Association of Systematics Collections, Washington DC, 1988
  • J. Dawson, CCI Technical Bulletin, 'Solving Museum Insect Problems: Chemical Control' , Canadian Conservation Institute, Ottawa, No. 15
  • Caring for your Collections, Arthur W Schulz (ed.), Harry N. Abrams, Inc. , New York, 1992
  • Tom Rowland, Noel Riley, A-Z Guide to Cleaning, Conserving and Repairing Antiques, Constable and Co., Ltd., London, 1981
  • Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
  • Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
  • The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998

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