Difference between revisions of "Hessonite"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | A golden brown to red color [[gemstone]] composed of | + | A golden brown to red color [[gemstone]] composed of calcium aluminum silicate with a small portion of [[iron]]. Hessonite resembles yellow [[zircon]] in color and both were called hyacinth in ancient times because they were found in the same gem-bearing gravels of Ceylon. Hessonite is softer than [[quartz]] and less brittle than zircon and hence, was used in ancient engraved gems (Ogden 1982). |
| − | [[[SliderGallery rightalign|HessonitegrossgarnetRS.jpg~Raman|Hessoniteitaly1.jpg~Raman]]] | + | [[[SliderGallery rightalign|HessonitegrossgarnetRS.jpg~Raman (RASMIN)|Hessoniteitaly1.jpg~Raman (U of Parma)]]] |
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
grossularite; cinnamon stone; essonite; mormoriom; hessenite; esonita (Esp.); Hessonit (Deut.) | grossularite; cinnamon stone; essonite; mormoriom; hessenite; esonita (Esp.); Hessonit (Deut.) | ||
==Physical and Chemical Properties== | ==Physical and Chemical Properties== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Cubic crystal system with dodecahedron and trapezohedron habits | ||
| + | * Luster = greasy to vitreous | ||
| + | * Fracture = conchoidal or uneven | ||
| + | * Cleavage = indistinct | ||
| + | * Streak = brown | ||
| + | * Fluorescence = inert to weak orange | ||
| + | * Pleochroism = none | ||
| + | * Dispersion = 0.028 | ||
| + | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Mohs Hardness | ! scope="row"| Mohs Hardness | ||
| − | | 7 | + | | 6.5 - 7.0 |
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Density | ! scope="row"| Density | ||
| 3.64-3.69 g/ml | | 3.64-3.69 g/ml | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! scope="row"| Refractive Index | ||
| + | | 1.70 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! scope="row"| Birefringence | ||
| + | | none | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 25: | Line 41: | ||
* Jack Odgen, ''Jewellery of the Ancient World'', Rizzoli International Publications Inc., New York City, 1982 | * Jack Odgen, ''Jewellery of the Ancient World'', Rizzoli International Publications Inc., New York City, 1982 | ||
| − | |||
* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997 | * Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997 | ||
| − | |||
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | * ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | ||
| − | + | * Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grossular#Hessonite Hessonite] (Accessed Sept. 7, 2005 and Dec 2022) | |
| − | * Wikipedia: | ||
[[Category:Materials database]] | [[Category:Materials database]] | ||
Latest revision as of 14:36, 20 December 2022
Description
A golden brown to red color Gemstone composed of calcium aluminum silicate with a small portion of Iron. Hessonite resembles yellow Zircon in color and both were called hyacinth in ancient times because they were found in the same gem-bearing gravels of Ceylon. Hessonite is softer than Quartz and less brittle than zircon and hence, was used in ancient engraved gems (Ogden 1982).
Synonyms and Related Terms
grossularite; cinnamon stone; essonite; mormoriom; hessenite; esonita (Esp.); Hessonit (Deut.)
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Cubic crystal system with dodecahedron and trapezohedron habits
- Luster = greasy to vitreous
- Fracture = conchoidal or uneven
- Cleavage = indistinct
- Streak = brown
- Fluorescence = inert to weak orange
- Pleochroism = none
- Dispersion = 0.028
| Mohs Hardness | 6.5 - 7.0 |
|---|---|
| Density | 3.64-3.69 g/ml |
| Refractive Index | 1.70 |
| Birefringence | none |
Comparisons
Properties of Common Gemstones
Resources and Citations
- Jack Odgen, Jewellery of the Ancient World, Rizzoli International Publications Inc., New York City, 1982
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
- Wikipedia: Hessonite (Accessed Sept. 7, 2005 and Dec 2022)