Difference between revisions of "Fiberboard"

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[[File:23.521-C46663CR-d1.jpg|thumb|]]
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[[File:MDF Sample.jpg|thumb|medium-density fiberboard (MDF)]]
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
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[[File:23.521-C46663CR-d1.jpg|thumb|Oil on canvas mounted on fiberboard; MFA# 23.521]]
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A rigid composite board of pressed cellulose fibers used as a building material. First patented in 1858, fiberboards were composed of wood chips or plant fibers, such as [[grass]], [[reed]], [[straw]], [[bagasse]] ([[Celotex]]), [[jute]], [[flax]], or [[hemp]]. Manufacturers have also recycled waste materials such as [[sawdust]], [[bark]], oat hulls, spent hops, newspaper ([[Homasote®]]) and peanut shells. The fibers are compressed and bonded with heat and pressure. Many fiberboards are held together by the interlocking fibers and natural adhesives (wet process); other fiberboards have additional adhesive components such as [[urea formaldehyde resin]], [[water glass]], [[dextrin]], [[asphalt]], [[rosin]], [[paraffin wax]], [[plaster]], and/or [[clay]].  The standard size for fiberboards is 4 x 8 feet. Very dense fiberboard is called hardboard (see also [[Masonite®]]). Some commercially available formaldehyde-free fiberboards are Masonite® Presdwood®, [[Medex]], Medite II and Iso-board (Hatchfield 2002). Fiberboards are generally classified as low-density (Celotex, etc.), medium-density (Medex, Medite, etc.), or high-density (Masonite®, Upson Board, Marinite®, Homasote®, etc.).
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An engineered rigid composite board made of cellulose fibers. First patented in 1858, fiberboards were composed of wood chips or plant fibers, such as [[grass]], [[reed]], [[straw]], [[bagasse]] ([[Celotex]]), [[jute]], [[flax]], or [[hemp]]. Manufacturers have also recycled waste materials such as [[sawdust]], [[bark]], oat hulls, spent hops, newspaper ([[Homasote|Homasote®]]) and peanut shells. The fibers are compressed and bonded with heat and pressure. Many fiberboards are held together by the interlocking fibers and natural adhesives (wet process); other fiberboards have additional adhesive components such as [[urea formaldehyde resin]], [[water glass]], [[dextrin]], [[asphalt]], [[rosin]], [[paraffin wax]], [[plaster]], and/or [[clay]].  The standard size for fiberboards is 4 x 8 feet. Very dense fiberboard is called hardboard (see also [[Masonite|Masonite®]]). Some commercially available formaldehyde-free fiberboards are Masonite® Presdwood®, [[Medex]], Medite II and Iso-board (Hatchfield 2002). Fiberboards are generally classified as low-density (Celotex, etc.), medium-density (Medex, Medite, etc.), or high-density ([[Masonite|Masonite®]], Upson Board, Marinite®, Homasote®, etc.).
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[[File:MDF Sample.jpg|thumb|Fiberboard]]
 
  
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
  
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"fibre-board (Br.); fibreboard (Br.); carton-fibre (Fr.); carton fort (Fr.); aglomerado de madeira (Port.); particle board; composition board; wallboard; hardboard; fiber board; high-density fiberboard (HDF); medium-density fiberboard (MDF); low-density fiberboard (LDF)
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fibre-board (Br.); fibreboard (Br.); carton-fibre (Fr.); carton fort (Fr.); aglomerado de madeira (Port.); particle board; composition board; wallboard; hardboard; fiber board; high-density fiberboard (HDF); [[Medium density fiberboard (MDF)|medium-density fiberboard (MDF)]]; low-density fiberboard (LDF)
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Brand names: Masonite® [IPI]; Presdwood®; Medex; Medite; Duron® [IPI]; Upson; Homasote®; Insulite; Beaver Board; Cornell Board; Feltex; Fir-Tex; Nu-Wood; C-X Board; Quartrboard; Celotex;
 
  
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== Hazards and Safety ==
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Brand names: [[Masonite|Masonite®]] [IPI]; Presdwood®; Medex; [[Medite|Medite®]]; Duron® [IPI]; Upson; Homasote®; Insulite; Beaver Board; Cornell Board; Feltex; Fir-Tex; Nu-Wood; C-X Board; Quartrboard; Celotex;
  
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Any wood product may release organic acids with time. 
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== Applications ==
  
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Fiberboards are susceptible to dry rot, fungal growths and termites.
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* Exhibit - case construction, mountmaking
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* Artwork support
  
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== Additional Images ==
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== Personal Risks ==
  
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<gallery>
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Health risks associated with elevated concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs): respiratory irritation, irritability, inability to concentrate, and sleepiness. Health risks associated with exposure to formaldehyde gas: eye and respiratory irritation, respiratory difficulty. 
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File:Wood-Products-MDF.jpg|Wood fibers
 
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</gallery>
 
  
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== Additional Information ==
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Dust and chemicals released when worked.
  
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° C. Gould, K. Konrad, K. Milley, R. Gallagher, "Fiberboard", in ''Twentieth-Century Building Materials'', T. Jester (ed.), McGraw-Hill: New York, 1995.  
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== Collection Risks ==
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[[File:Wood-Products-MDF.jpg|thumb|Wood fibers]]
  
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° P.Hatchfield, ''Pollutants in the Museum Environment'', Archetype Press, London, 2002.
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Any wood product may release VOCs (volatile organic compounds) such as aldehydes, terpenes, and acids. The types and quantities of VOCs released depends on wood species, as well as the presence of coatings. Generally, the most VOCs are released when the product is new. Barrier layers (i.e. coatings, or films) can be applied to limit the release of VOCs.
  
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Links to results posted on AIC Wiki Materials Database Pages for individual materials below
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Fiberboards are susceptible to dry rot, fungal growths and termites.
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° [http://www.conservation-wiki.com/wiki/Oddy_Test_Results:_Case_Construction_Materials#MDF0001 Newmarket MDF]
 
  
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== Sources Checked for Data in Record ==
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'''Links to Oddy Test results posted on AIC Wiki Materials Database Pages for individual materials below'''
  
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* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971
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* [http://www.conservation-wiki.com/wiki/Oddy_Test_Results:_Case_Construction_Materials#MDF0001 Newmarket MDF] tested in 2006
  
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* ''Dictionary of Building Preservation'', Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
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* [http://www.conservation-wiki.com/wiki/Oddy_Test_Results:_Case_Construction_Materials#MDF0002 Newmarket MDF] tested in 2006 with polyurethane coating
  
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* Pam Hatchfield, ''Pollutants in the Museum Environment'', Archetype Press, London, 2002
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== Working Properties ==
  
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* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: "wood." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2005. Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service  14 Mar. 2005 .
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Dust and chemicals released when worked.
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Degree of “tear out” (how jagged edge is when sawed) depends on the size of the pieces, with [[Medium density fiberboard|MDF]] having lower tear out (smoother edge) than [[Particle board|particle board]].
  
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* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
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== Forms and Sizes ==
  
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The standard size for fiberboards is 4 x 8 feet.
  
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== Resources and Citations ==
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* Exhibit Guidelines Technical Notes: [https://www.conservation-wiki.com/wiki/Using_Composite_Panels_for_Exhibit_Case_Construction Using Composite Panels in Exhibit Case Construction]
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* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000.
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* Melissa G.D. Baumann, Linda F. Lorenz, Stuart A. Batterman, and Guo-Zheng Zhang, “Aldehyde Emissions from Particleboard and Medium Density Fiberboard Products,” ''Forest Products Journal'' 50 (9): 75–82, 2000.
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* G.S. Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971.
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* ''Dictionary of Building Preservation'', Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996.
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* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: "wood." (Accessed 14 Mar. 2005).
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* C. Gould, K. Konrad, K. Milley, R. Gallagher, "Fiberboard", in ''Twentieth-Century Building Materials'', T. Jester (ed.), McGraw-Hill: New York, 1995.
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* Pam Hatchfield, ''Pollutants in the Museum Environment'', Archetype Press, London, 2002.
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* Illinois Department of Public Health, “Formaldehyde,” Environmental Health Fact Sheet, http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/factsheets/formaldehyde.htm (Accessed 25 Sep. 2020).
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* Kevin Ann Reinhart, “What Is the Difference Between Particle Board and Medium Density Fiberboard?” SFGate, https://homeguides.sfgate.com/difference-between-particle-board-medium-density-fiberboard-99189.html, (accessed 25 Sep. 2020), 2018.
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* Megan Sala
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s, contributed information, MWG group, 2020.
  
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[[Category:Materials database]]
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[[Category:Materials database]][[Category:MWG]][[Category: Particleboard/Pressedwood]][[Category: Board/Panel, Composite]]

Revision as of 10:08, 2 March 2023

medium-density fiberboard (MDF)

Description

Oil on canvas mounted on fiberboard; MFA# 23.521

An engineered rigid composite board made of cellulose fibers. First patented in 1858, fiberboards were composed of wood chips or plant fibers, such as Grass, Reed, Straw, Bagasse (Celotex), Jute, Flax, or Hemp. Manufacturers have also recycled waste materials such as Sawdust, Bark, oat hulls, spent hops, newspaper (Homasote®) and peanut shells. The fibers are compressed and bonded with heat and pressure. Many fiberboards are held together by the interlocking fibers and natural adhesives (wet process); other fiberboards have additional adhesive components such as Urea formaldehyde resin, Water glass, Dextrin, Asphalt, Rosin, Paraffin wax, Plaster, and/or Clay. The standard size for fiberboards is 4 x 8 feet. Very dense fiberboard is called hardboard (see also Masonite®). Some commercially available formaldehyde-free fiberboards are Masonite® Presdwood®, Medex, Medite II and Iso-board (Hatchfield 2002). Fiberboards are generally classified as low-density (Celotex, etc.), medium-density (Medex, Medite, etc.), or high-density (Masonite®, Upson Board, Marinite®, Homasote®, etc.).

Synonyms and Related Terms

fibre-board (Br.); fibreboard (Br.); carton-fibre (Fr.); carton fort (Fr.); aglomerado de madeira (Port.); particle board; composition board; wallboard; hardboard; fiber board; high-density fiberboard (HDF); medium-density fiberboard (MDF); low-density fiberboard (LDF)

Brand names: Masonite® [IPI]; Presdwood®; Medex; Medite®; Duron® [IPI]; Upson; Homasote®; Insulite; Beaver Board; Cornell Board; Feltex; Fir-Tex; Nu-Wood; C-X Board; Quartrboard; Celotex;

Applications

  • Exhibit - case construction, mountmaking
  • Artwork support

Personal Risks

Health risks associated with elevated concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs): respiratory irritation, irritability, inability to concentrate, and sleepiness. Health risks associated with exposure to formaldehyde gas: eye and respiratory irritation, respiratory difficulty.

Dust and chemicals released when worked.

Collection Risks

Wood fibers

Any wood product may release VOCs (volatile organic compounds) such as aldehydes, terpenes, and acids. The types and quantities of VOCs released depends on wood species, as well as the presence of coatings. Generally, the most VOCs are released when the product is new. Barrier layers (i.e. coatings, or films) can be applied to limit the release of VOCs.

Fiberboards are susceptible to dry rot, fungal growths and termites.

Links to Oddy Test results posted on AIC Wiki Materials Database Pages for individual materials below

Working Properties

Dust and chemicals released when worked. Degree of “tear out” (how jagged edge is when sawed) depends on the size of the pieces, with MDF having lower tear out (smoother edge) than Particle board.

Forms and Sizes

The standard size for fiberboards is 4 x 8 feet.

Resources and Citations

s, contributed information, MWG group, 2020.

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